Okuda S, Abe S, Kim H-J, Agematsu H, Mitarashi S, Tamatsu Y, Ide Y (2008) Morphologic characteristics of palatopharyngeal muscle. McMyn JK (1940) The anatomy of the salpingo-pharyngeus muscle. In: Leonhardt H, Tillmann B, T öndury G, Zilles K (eds) Rauber/Kopsch Anatomie des Menschen Band 2, Innere Organe, George Thieme, Stuttgart, New York, pp 239–388 Hwang K, Kim DJ, Hwang SH (2009) Microscopic relation of palatopharyngeus with levator veli palatini and superior constrictor. Harrington R (1944) A study of the mechanism of velopharyngeal closure. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Mϋnchen, Wien, Baltimore, pp 133–306 Louisįleischhauer K (1985) Der Verdaungsapparat (Apparatus digestorius), In: Fleischhauer K, Staubesand J, Zenker W (eds) Bennunghoff Makroskopische und Mikroskopische Anatomie des Menschen Band 2, Kreislauf und Eingeweide, 14/15th edns. Dysphagia 29:722–730ĭuBrul EL (1988) Sicher and DuBrul’s oral anatomy, 8th edn. Laryngoscope 123:2900–2904Ĭhoi D-Y, Bae J-H, Youn K-H, Kim H-J, Hu K-S (2014) Anatomical considerations of the longitudinal pharyngeal muscles in relation to their function on the internal surface of pharynx. The Blakiston company, Toronto, pp 1292–1424Ĭho JH, Kim JK, Lee H-Y, Yoon J-H (2013) Surgical anatomy of human soft palate. In: Schaeffer JP (ed) Morris’ human anatomy, 11th edn. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimoreīlount RF, Lachman E (1953) The digestive system. It is suggested that the superior constrictor and the lateral fibers cooperate as sphincters, and the medial fibers and the stylopharyngeus as elevators.īergman RA, Thompson SA, Afifi AK, Saadeh FA (1988) Compendium of human anatomic variation: text, atlas, and world literature. These two muscles formed a sheet that was partially folded back. The inferior one was joined by the stylopharyngeus and descended along the palatopharyngeal arch to be inserted into the thyroid cartilage and the epiglottis. The superior layer was joined by the salpingopharyngeus and dispersed into the pharyngeal wall. Its medial fibers consisted of two layers at the origin and were interdigitated with the insertion of the levator veli palatini. Its lateral fibers passed on the internal surface of the superior constrictor, and these two muscles were inserted into the pharyngeal raphe with an overlap, indicating that the muscular sheet was folded back. The palatopharyngeus rotated 90 degrees, from the origin to the insertion, about its long axis, and its superior and inferior surfaces turned into internal and external, respectively. Consequently, their origins and insertions were arranged in a continuous line, respectively, and these flat muscles formed a sheet. The most superior fibers of the superior constrictor arose from the palate and interfused with the lateral fibers of the palatopharyngeus. The attachments and the fiber arrangement of the superior constrictor and the palatopharyngeus were gross anatomically examined in 28 Japanese cadavers. This study examined these muscles to clarify their configuration and interrelationships. However, because they overlap one another, their morphologies have been controversial. The palatopharyngeus and the superior constrictor act during swallowing.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |